Taller de refuerzo - Séptimo grado

En el enlace a continuación, los estudiantes de séptimo encontrarán un taller de refuerzo que tiene como propósito tapar ciertos vacíos que los aquejan impidiendo que den el rendimiento del que son capaces.

RECUERDEN QUE EL DESARROLLO DE ESTE TALLER NO TIENE NOTA Y SIRVE SIMPLEMENTE PARA CLARIFICAR DUDAS RESPECTO A LOS TEMAS VISTOS.

Materiales para la sesión del 2 de agosto, proyecto de socio inglés 6to grado

Estudiantes de 6 grado:

Los materiales que deben traer el día 2 de agosto son los siguientes:

2 tubos de cartón de diferente tamaño, dos lupas del mismo grosor que los tubos de cartón, cinta adhesiva, 1/8 de cartulina.

A beautiful story

Esta es la lectura que deben llevar para la sesión de mañana jueves 17 de julio.

A beautiful story 

 There is no absolute certainty of the conditions in which coffee first arrived to Colombia. Historical data indicates that the Jesuits brought small seeds with them at around 1730, but there are different versions of this. Tradition says that the seeds of coffee came from the East of the country, brought by a traveler from the Guyana who passed through Venezuela until reaching Colombia. The oldest written testimony of the presence of coffee in Colombia is attributed to a Jesuit priest, Jose Gumilla. In his book "The Orinoco Illustrated"(1730) he registered the presence of coffee in the mission of Saint Teresa of Tabajé, near where the Meta River empties into the Orinoco. The second written testimony belongs to the archbishop-viceroy Caballero y Góngora (1787) who registered the presence of the crop in the North east of the country near Girón (Santander) and Muzo (Boyacá), in a report that he provided to the Spanish authorities.
The first coffee crops were planted in the eastern part of the country. In 1835 the first commercial production was registered with 2,560 green coffee bags that were exported from the port of Cúcuta, near the border with Venezuela. According to testimonies of the time, the priest Francisco Romero is attributed to be very influential in the propagation of the crop in the North east region of the country. After hearing the confession of the parishioners of the town of Salazar de la Palmas, he requested as penitence the cultivation of coffee. These seeds permitted the presence of coffee in the departments of Santander and North Santander, with its consequent propagation, since 1850, to the center and western regions, such as Cundinamarca, Antioquia, and the historic region of Caldas (see map of the arrival and the expansion of coffee in Colombia).
Despite these early developments, the consolidation of coffee as a Colombian export did not come about until the second half of the XIX century. The great expansion that the world economy underwent at that time allowed Colombian landowners to find attractive opportunities in international markets. Little by little the United States consolidated into the most important consumer of coffee in the world, while Germany and France became the most important markets in Europe.
The large Colombian landowners had already tried to exploit the new opportunities that the expansion of the international markets offered. Between 1850 and 1857 the country experienced a significant increase in tobacco and quinine exports, and thereafter leather and live cattle. These early efforts in the export of agricultural commodities turned out too fragile; they in fact were only reactionary attempts to find the greatest profitability from the high international prices of the time, rather than attempts to create a solid and diversified export platform. The production of these sectors went into period of decline when the respective bonanza of their international prices finished, hence a true industrial consolidation was ended.
Coffee experienced a similar speculative expansion that was generated by good international prices between the end of the seventies of the XIX century and the early XX century. During this time the annual production of coffee increased from 60,000 60kg green coffee bags (the international volume standard for coffee) to nearly 600,000 bags. This expansion was primarily due to the large estates in the Santander and Cundinamarca regions, whose owners had access to the international banking system in order to finance their projects. For this reason it is not surprising that by the end of the XIX century these regions represented more than 80% of the total coffee production.
With the fall of international prices, that registered the transition from the XIX century to the XX century, the profitability of the large estates plummeted. As if this was not enough the Thousand Days War, which took place during the first years of the new century, also negatively influenced the important landowners, making it impossible for them to maintain their plantations in good conditions; this circumstance summed to the fact that these producers had incurred in large amounts of foreign debt in order to further develop their plantations, which finally ruined them. The coffee estates of Santander and North Santander entered into crisis and the estates of Cundinamarca and Antioquia stalled.
The crisis that affected the large estates brought with it one of the most significant changes of the Colombian Coffee Industry. Since 1875 the number of small coffee producers had begun to grow in Santander as well as in some regions of Antioquia and in the region referred to as Viejo or Old Caldas. In the first decades of the XX century a new model to develop coffee exports based on the rural economy had already been consolidated, supported by internal migration and the colonization of new territories in the center and western regions of the country, principally in the departments of Antioquia, Caldas, Valle, and in the northern part of Tolima. Both the expansion of this new coffee model and the crisis that affected the large estates allowed the western regions of Colombia to take the lead in the development of the coffee industry in the country.
This transformation was very favorable for the owners of the small coffee estates that were entering the coffee market. The cultivation of coffee was a very attractive option for local farmers, as it offered the possibility of making permanent and intensive use of the land. Under this productive model of the traditional agriculture, based on the slash and burn method, the land remained unproductive for long periods of time. In contrast, coffee offered the possibility of having an intense agriculture, without major technical requirements and without sacrificing the cultivation of subsistence crops, thus generating the conditions for the expansion of a new coffee culture, dominated by small farms.
Although this new breed of coffee farmers demonstrated a significant capacity to grow at the margin of current international prices, Colombia did not have a relatively important dynamism in the global market of this product. As can be observed in the following graph, during the period between 1905 and 1935 the coffee industry in Colombia grew dynamically thanks to the vision and long term politics derived from the creation of the Colombian Coffee Growers Federationin 1927.

In 1930 Colombia Consolidated As The Second Largest Producer Of Coffee In The World
The union of local farmers and small producers around the Federation has permitted them to confront logistical and commercial difficulties that would not have been possible individually. Over  time and through the research made at Cenicafé, founded in 1938, and the Federation's agricultural extension service, improved cultivation systems. More efficient spatial patterns were developed that permitted the differentiation of the product and supported its quality. Currently the Land of Coffee in Colombia includes all of the mountain ranges and other mountainous regions of the country, and generates income for over 500,000 coffee farming families.

Enlaces sobre formación de adjetivos y sustantivos

Estudiantes de octavo:

A continuación les comparto los enlaces a la información sobre la formación de los adjetivos y los sustantivos que les comenté el martes pasado.

https://salondeidiomas.es/formacion-palabras-ingles/



https://preply.com/es/blog/2015/02/03/reglas-basicas-para-la-formacion-del-plural-de-los-sustantivos-en-ingles/


https://skillsaga.com/aprender-ingles/adjetivos-en-ingles/


Deben revisar uno, escoger e imprimir la información. 

Word Calendar for students of 6th and 7th grade

ELLLO script and audio - Adjectives learning.

Here you have the audio and script about the adjectives, remember to bring the script printed for the next class.

Have a nice afternoon!!!

http://www.elllo.org/english/begin/L1-05-MegTodd-Cities-Adjective.htm

Verb list for the spelling contest

Base Form	Past Tense Form
See	Saw
Know	Knew
Get	Got
Hold	Held
Write	Wrote
Stand	Stood
Hear	Heard
Send	Sent
Build	Built
Teach	Taught
Say	Said
Make	Made
Go	Went
Take	Took
Come	Came
Catch	Caught
Show	showed
Fight	Fought
Give	Gave
Find	Found
Think	thought
Tell	Told
Become	became
Swear	Swore
Leave	Left
Feel	Felt
Put	Put
Bring	brought
Grow	Grew
Lose	Lost
Fall	Fell
Swim	Swam
Cost	Cost
Hurt	Hurt
Let	Let
Mean	Meant
Set	Set
Meet	Met
Run	Ran
Pay	Paid
Sit	Sat
Speak	Spoke
Lie	Lay
Forgive	forgave
Read	Read
Sleep	Slept
Forget	Forgot
Sell	Sold
Begin	Began
Keep	Kept
Understand	understood
Draw	Drew
Break	Broke
Spend	Spent
Cut	Cut
Rise	Rose
Drive	Drove
Buy	Bought
Wear	Wore
Choose	Chose